Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects individuals with psoriasis—a skin disorder characterized by red, scaly patches. This article discusses PsA’s symptoms, causes, and management strategies.
What is Psoriatic Arthritis?
PsA occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues, leading to joint inflammation. While most people with PsA develop psoriasis first, in some cases, joint symptoms appear before the skin condition. PsA can affect any joint and vary from mild to severe.
Symptoms of Psoriatic Arthritis
Swollen, painful joints: Fingers and toes may become swollen, giving a “sausage-like” appearance.
Morning stiffness: Lasting over 30 minutes.
Nail changes: Pitting or separation of the nail from the nail bed.
Fatigue: A common symptom due to systemic inflammation.
Lower back pain: Involvement of the spine, known as axial PsA.
Causes and Risk Factors
Genetics: A family history of psoriasis or PsA increases the risk.
Immune system dysfunction: The immune system attacks healthy tissues, leading to inflammation.
Triggers: Stress, infections, or physical injury can trigger flare-ups.
Managing Psoriatic Arthritis
Medications: DMARDs, NSAIDs, and biologic drugs help manage symptoms.
Physical therapy: Exercises to maintain joint flexibility and prevent stiffness.
Lifestyle changes: A healthy diet and regular exercise reduce flare-ups.
Skin care: Managing psoriasis reduces the severity of PsA symptoms.
Psoriatic arthritis is a lifelong condition, but proper treatment and lifestyle adjustments can minimize its impact on daily life.